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01 - Introduction to Abstraction

 1. You can think of abstraction as a _________________of what something is, how it carries out a task and what the result is.

  generalisation

  polymorphism

  phantomisation

  recursion

 2. Abstraction can also be thought of as creating a _____ of a complex system that only includes the relevant pr functional characteristics of the problem being solved.

  reality

  cartwheel

  problem

  model

 3. Generally speaking, abstraction results in the representation of a system that is far more complex and more detailed than the original.

  TRUE

  FALSE

 4. A car's SATNAV may use Dijstra's shortest path algorithm to find the path from A to B. The route however is a/an ______________ of the real life problem.

  mirror

  abstraction

  decomposition

  description

 5. In a graph that represents a route, the nodes ______________________________ and the vertices ____________.

  represent vertices / are nodes

  represent roads and lines / are grid lines

  represent cities / are roads

  represent numbers / are alphabets

 6. An example of abstraction is this: In a model roads are shown ____________________________________ where as in real life most roads contain bends.

  as curved arcs

  as straight lines

  as curved and wiggly lines

  as detailed representations of lines with the dust, bends and grooves included

 7. Within OOP, abstractionis used because it makes the structure or the classes and objects _____________________________.

  atomic and efficient

  linear and unrelated to time complexity

  unatomic and recursively defined

  more complex and full of detail

 8. Objects are used both as a form of abstraction and as a way of ____________________ to simplify the development of complex software.

  ensuring complete security

  hiding information

  revealing information

  decomposing the problem

 9. A principle in mathematics called _____________________ allows you to use generalisation to create factual statements about a system and objects.

  pigeonholing

  sorting

  insertion sorting

  manholing

 10. ________________ systems are dedicated to using a series of facts (and generalisations) in their systems in order to compute and predict outcomes.

  Knowledge based

  Embedded based

  Wisdom based

  Case based

 11. Match the description in the excerpt below to its corret term. 
The act of breaking down a complex problem into a set of smaller, more solvable, problems.

  Decomposition

  Automation

  Composition

  Abstraction

 12. Match the description in the excerpt below to its corret term. 
The art of removing abstraction by beginning to form compound structures by combining similar abstraction processes (e.g. combining abstract procedures formed from procedural abstraction)

  Automation

  Decomposition

  Abstraction

  Composition

 13. Match the description in the excerpt below to its corret term. 
This is the final step - putting all abstractions of phenomena into action to produce the final solution.

  Abstraction

  Decomposition

  Composition

  Automation

 14. Match the description in the excerpt below to its corret term. 
This step involves planning what data structures are needed to fulfil the specification. The code will need to be tested thoroughly.

  Automation

  Abstraction

  Composition

  Decomposition

 15. Match the description in the excerpt below to its corret term. 
This is the process of leaving out the irrelevant details when trying to solve a problem, and creating a model that is simple, efficient and has the relevant details that are important for problem-solving included.

  Abstraction

  Composition

  Automation

  Decomposition


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