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DNS
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the phonebook of the Internet. Humans access information online through domain names, like nytimes.com or espn.com. Web browsers interact through Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers can load Internet resources.
Each device connected to the Internet has a unique IP address which other machines use to find the device. DNS servers eliminate the need for humans to memorize IP addresses such as 192.168.1.1 (in IPv4), or more complex newer alphanumeric IP addresses such as 2400:cb00:2048:1::c629:d7a2 (in IPv6).
DNS Explained
IP Addresses
Discussion
Read this article. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4_address_exhaustion
What are your thoughts on the future of IP addresses? Can you think of an alternative solution to the one that has been proposed? https://tech.slashdot.org/story/14/02/17/1319204/whatever-happened-to-the-ipv4-address-crisis
Additional Reading and Resources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System