1. ______: a device that interconnects with two or more computer networks, which then interchange packets with each other
2. Like a Bridge a Switch ……………………….. Data packets received from one connection are only forwarded if they have a valid destination MAC address on the other connection. Unlike Bridges, Switches can have many connections.
3. Homes and businesses use a router to connect to the internet. A router can often incorporate a _______ within the hardware.
4. A gateway is a piece of____________ used in telecommunications for communications networks that allows data to flow from one discrete network to another
5. Gateways are distinct from routers or switches in that they communicate using more than one protocol and can operate at any of the 7 layers of the OSI model.
6. The term gateway can also loosely refer to a computer or computer program configured to perform the tasks of a gateway, such as a default gateway.
7. A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the ……………………
8. When a data packet comes in on one of the lines, the router ……………………………………... Then, using information in its routing table or routing policy, it directs the packet to the next network on its journey.
9. The most familiar type of routers are home and small office routers that simply ………………
10. Though routers are typically dedicated hardware devices, software-based routers also exist.
11. When multiple routers are used in interconnected networks, the routers can exchange information about destination addresses using a routing protocol. Each router builds up a ………………….
12. A router may have interfaces for different types of physical layer connections, such as …………….
13. Routers may also be used to connect two or more logical groups of computer devices known as ………..., each with a different network prefix.
14. The largest routers (such as the Cisco CRS-1 or Juniper PTX) interconnect the various ISPs, or may be used in large enterprise networks
15. Routers are also often distinguished on the basis of the network in which they operate. A router in a local area network (LAN) of a single organisation is called an…………..
16. An ………..directs packets between hosts in one LAN and hosts in another LAN. A router that is operated in the Internet backbone is described as ……………………..
17. The main purpose of a router is to ………………………………... destined either for its own networks or other networks.
18. When a router receives a packet, it searches its routing table to find the best match between the destination IP address of the packet and one of the addresses in the routing table
19. Another function a router performs is to decide ……………………………..when multiple queues exist
20. Yet another function a router performs is called policy-based routing where special rules are constructed to override the rules derived from the routing table when a packet forwarding decision is made
21. Read the following excerpt on the history of routers and decide whether it is true or false
22. A gateway is often associated with both; a router, which knows where to direct a given packet of data that arrives at the gateway, and a ……………………
23. A gateway is an essential feature of most routers, although other devices (such as any PC or server) can function as a gateway.
24. Gateways regulate traffic between ……………….., while routers regulate traffic between similar networks
25. Both Routers and Gateways are used to regulate network traffic between two or more separate networks
26. Gateways are the ________and _______ of a network and are sometimes thought of as a protocol translator/converter.
27. The main use of a gateway is to connect different networks of different architectures and this is called………….
28. The gateway must always be a physical object
29. The gateway can be built into the network's subsystems and into the network software instead of being bound to a single location.
30. The gateway takes in a ________from an external node and strips it down, removing all information except the raw data.
