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11 - Final Test

 1. Computational thinking is the art of a human being able to think like a computer (e.g. in binary using 1s and 0s)
computationalthinking_image1.jpg

  TRUE

  FALSE

 2. Computational thinking is a ….

  way of computing big numbers and adding them up faster than a computer would

  way of thinking with numbers as opposed to with words

  way of thinking about a problem to understand it and then logically working out a good solution

  way of computing things in binary and not the alphabet

 3. What is this a description of? "Looking for repeating patterns in a sequence"

  Pattern Recognition

  Decomposition

  Abstraction

  Encapsulation

 4. What sort of loop is being used in this flowchart?
finaltestcomputational_q1.png

  For

  There is no loop

  Repeat - Until

  While

 5. What is another word for 'Iteration'

  Loops

  Programming

  IF statements

  Recursion

 6. If you were writing an algorithm for a game and needed a way to find out if the game was over, what might you do?

  Use facial recogintion to see when the user is clearly depressed, and then end the game

  Use a variable such as x and assign it a number from 0 to 10.

  This cannot be done

  Use a boolean flag like "game_over = False" at the start of the program, which changes to 'True' if game over

 7. What is line two of this algorithm doing?
StopPlaying = False
Num = RANDOM between 1 and 100
Guess = INPUT (“Guess the number I am thinking of: ”)
WHILE StopPlaying = False
	IF Guess = Num THEN
		OUTPUT (“Correct”)
		StopPlaying = True
	ELSE IF Guess > Num THEN
		OUTPUT (“Too high”)
		Guess = INPUT (“Try a lower number: ”)
	ELSE
		OUTPUT (“Too low”)
		Guess = INPUT (“Try a higher number: ”)
	END IF
END WHILE

  It is generating a random number that allows the game to start in that many seconds

  It is generating 100 different random numbers starting with 1 and ending with 100

  It is generating 100 numbers that the user must guess in 100 turns

  It is generating a random number between 1 and 100 for the user to guess

 8. There are generally speaking four elements of computational thinking. What are they?
Elements of Computational Thinking
==================================
1. Decomposition
2. Pattern Recognition
3. Abstraction
4. Algorithmic Thinking
5. Binary number conversion
6. Addition
7. Subtraction

  3,4,5,6

  1,3,5,7

  1,2,3,4

  1,4,5,6

 9. Read the excerpt on computational thinking (from barefoot computing) and see if you agree.
For example, if you’re going to make an animation, you need to start by planning the story and how you’ll shoot it before you can use computer hardware and software to help you get the work done. The thinking that is undertaken before starting work on a computer is known as computational thinking.

  FALSE

  TRUE

 10. Computational thinking is not thinking about computers or like computers. Computers don’t think for themselves. Not yet, at least!

  FALSE

  TRUE

 11. Why is computational thinking so important?
Computer scientists are interested in finding the most ____________way to solve problems. They want to find the best solution that solves a problem correctly in the fastest way and using the least amount of resources (time / space)

  radical

  time consuming

  tiring

  efficient

 12. This library system menu screen is an example of abstraction as it focuses on the bare basics necessary for a user to interact with the library
abstracrion3.png

  FALSE

  TRUE

 13. Using examples from this scenario, explain what is meant by abstraction.
A theme park uses a 3D computer simulation of a rollercoaster. Riders must wear a virtual reality headset to experience the ride.

  a representation of a concept / object / thing… …in this case, the rollercoaster.

  A detailed and thought provoking novel that accurately describes a thing - e.g. a rollercoaster

  a conceptual thought cloud of an object which cannot be seen, heard or touched.

  an exact recreation of a concept/object thing - in this case a rollercoaster

 14. In abstraction it is important to pick out the important / relevant parts / components / ideas / details.
In the scenario of simulating a rollercoaster this would be: track / rider / car / physics  / etc

  TRUE

  FALSE

 15. In the example of a rollercoaster 3d simulation examples of the unimportant details you would NOT include would be:

  track, rider

  general physics

  car

  queues / weather / smells / etc.

 16. One definition is: Abstraction is the process of removing unnecessary detail from a problem. Why is this useful?

  So a programmer can focus on what is needed to get on with problem solving!

  It is important because the details just don't matter - the devil is in the detail!

  It isn't important - it's just an art

  It is important because detail orientated people are entirely pointless and inefficient

 17. Read the following excerpt on top down programming (decomposiiton) and see if you think it is TRUE or FALSE
Top down programming
==================================
In top-down programming, a programmer takes a task and 
then breaks it down into smaller tasks. They then take 
each smaller task and break it down further into sub-tasks. 
They continue to do this until each sub-task is simple enough 
to understand and program and, ideally, each sub-task performs 
only one job. The sub-tasks are then programmed as self-contained 
modules of code

  TRUE

  FALSE

 18. Read this excerpt on reusability of modules and decide whether it is true or false
Decomposition and re-usability of modules
==================================
Splitting up a problem into modules improves a company's efficiency because 
self-contained modules can be re-used. They can be put into a library of 
modules. When a module is needed to, for example, display some values, 
you don't need to get the programmers 
to write and test a module for this again. 
You just re-use a module from the library. Over time, this will save a 
company a lot of time and money.

  FALSE

  TRUE

 19. Which of the following statements is an ADVANTAGE of decomposition?
The advantages of decomposition
==================================
#1 >> Splitting up a problem into modules helps get the job done more 
efficiently because modules of code can be worked on at the same time by different 
programmers. In addition, it helps because easier modules can be given to less 
experienced programmers while the harder ones can be given to more experienced ones.

#2 >> Splitting up a problem into modules helps program testing because it is easier to 
debug lots of smaller self-contained modules than one big program.

#3 >> Splitting up a problem into modules helps program readability because it is easier 
to follow what is going on in smaller modules than a big program.

#4 >> Splitting up a problem into modules improves a company's efficiency because self-
contained modules can be re-used. They can be put into a library of modules. 
When a module is needed to, for example, display some values, you don't need
to get the programmers to write and test a module for this again. You just re-use 
a module from the library. Over time, this will save a company a lot of time and money.

#5 >> Splitting up a problem into modules improves a Project Manager's ability to monitor the 
progress of a program. Modules can be 'ticked off the list' as they are done and this
 will demonstrate some progress. This is far harder for a Project Manager to do if 
the program has not been split up into modules.

#6 >> Splitting up a problem into modules is good for future program maintenance. 
If a program needs to be changed for any reason, it may be possible simply to 
remove one module of code and replace it with another.

  none of the above

  Just #1 and #3

  All of the above

  #1 , #2 and #4

 20. In programming, one way of decomposing a task is to break it into…..

  modules (e.g. separate functions or suboutines)

  binary sequences

  python programming code variables

  Decomposition cannot be used in programming

 21. How would you decompose the task of creating an app?

  By making the problem a single whole entity by using an overview diagram (to define a single task)

  First know the answer to a series of smaller problems e.g. will it be android or iphone, what is the colour scheme, what language will you use?

  The task of building an app can simply not be decomposed.

  By finding other similar apps and copying their code

 22. Dealing with many different stages all at once is much more difficult than breaking a problem down into a number of smaller problems and solving each one, one at a time.

  FALSE

  TRUE

 23. Which of these is an example of decomposition?

  Finding out how a bicycle works by looking in detail at the different parts that make up the bicycle

  Watching a mechanic repair a bicycle

  Looking at different bicycles for similarities between them

  None of the above

 24. In an algorithm, each instruction is identified and the ________in which they should be carried out is planned

  vessel

  exact code

  order

  speed

 25. Algorithms are often used as a starting point for creating a computer program, and they are sometimes written as a ___________________________
Note: If you have never heard of an obfuscated cloud object, don't worry. It probably doesn't exist!

  flowchart or obfuscated cloud object

  C or Java implementation of code

  piece of python code or in C#

  flowchart or in pseudocode

 26. Computers are only as good as the algorithms they are given. If you give a computer a poor algorithm, you will get a poor result – hence the phrase: ‘Garbage in, garbage out.’
Note:  An algorithm must be clear. It must have a starting point, a finishing point and a set of clear instructions in between.

  TRUE

  FALSE

 27. Pseudocode can differ, as there are no hard and fast rules, but what is important is that it is…..

  as artistic as possible, ambiguous and vague and creative

  as similar as possible to python programming code

  creative, similar to one particularl language .e.g C++ and polite

  easy to read, unambiguous and error free

 28. Pseudocode should also be precise. How could the following pseudocode be improved?
CardNumber ....
===============
   CardNumber=INPUT(“Please enter Card Number”)
   DO
      Pin=INPUT(“Please enter Pin”)
      IF Pin != CorrectPin 
         PRINT(“Wrong PIN”)
      END IF
   UNTIL Pin==CorrectPin
   Amount=INPUT(“How much money would you like?”)
   IF Amount <= CurrentBalence THEN
      DispenseCash(Amount)
      CurrentBalence = CurrentBalence - Amount
   ELSE
      PRINT(“Sorry, insufficient funds”)
   END IF
END

  The data types of the inputs could be specified

  Put variables in UPPER CASE

  Delete all the IF statements

  It cannot be improved

 29. Trace the flowchart's logic to find the profit or loss when CP(Cost Price) = 325 and SP (Selling Price) = 458
Note: If the selling price is more than the cost price, a profit has been made!
flowchart_q2.png

  Loss = 133

  Loss = 10

  Profit = 10

  Profit = 133

 30. Analyse the logic of the flowchart and predict what it's function/purpose is.
flowchart_q3.png

  Multiplication table for the number n - e.g. 12

  A loop that counts from count = 1 to count = 10

  A program that takes a number N (e.g. 12) and adds it to the number 10, and does so 10 times

  A program that counts from 1 to 12

 31. Just like in Maths there is the ________________________ for performing calculations, otherwise known as BODMAS/BIDMAS

  order of precedence (order in which calculations are done)

  preferential treatment

  binary only rule

  zero law

 32. What does the B in BODMAS mean?

  Anything inside the brackets must be subtracted from everything else

  The brackets must be ignored

  The brackets must be done last

  Anything inside the brackets must be done first

 33. What is the output of Z for the following algorithm, when the following numbers are input. A=27, B=15, C=52.
Z=(88 MOD B)  DIV (A MOD 5)

  2

  6

  8

  3

 34. The code below is for a Binary Search (in python). Where has DIV been used here?
def binary_search(list, int):
  high = len(list)-1
  low = 0

  while low <= high:
    mid = (high + low) // 2
    guess = list[mid]
    if guess > int:
      high = mid -1
    elif guess < int:
      low = mid + 1
    else:
      return ('{} found in list at position {}'.format(int, mid))
  return None

print(binary_search([12,15,19,23,27,29], 27))

  Straight forward division (/) has been used but not DIV

  On the line that says: "If guess > int:"

  It hasn't

  On the line that says: mid = (high + low) //2

 35. Why do we need to look for patterns in problems?

  None of the above

  It is never useful to look for patterns - this is just an artistic, fun thing to do

  Patterns make it easier for us to solve complex problems

  Patterns make it more complex and therefore more difficult to solve problems

 36. All cars have wheels' is a pattern, because all cars have a _____________________ - wheels.

  None of the above

  distinct colour

  similar feature

  different feature

 37. What is the following algorithm doing?
n=1
		while n<=100
			display n
			n=n+1
		endwhile

  None of the above

  Print the number 1 and use a while loop to check random numbers

  Print the numbers 1 to 100 inclusive- with a while loop

  Print the number 1 and check to see if 1 = 100

 38. The following algorithm does this: Input 100 positive (>=0) numbers. Add up the numbers, and print the total. If a negative number is encountered, ___________________
sum=0
		count=1
		input number
		while (count<=100)and(number>=0)
			sum=sum+number
			count=count+1
			input number
		endwhile
		display sum

  the program should continue as if nothing happened

  the program should terminate, and print the sum so far.

  The program should go back to the beginning and change all the positive inputs into negative ones

  the program should alert the user that a negative number is found and then continue

 39. What sort of iterative structure has been used in this algorithm?
for hours=0 to 11
			for mins=0 to 59
				dis[play hours, mins
			endfor
		endfor

  a nested for loop

  a catch-me-if-you-can statement

  a beautiful soup loop

  a for loop within a while loop

 40. In the following algorithm, it is likely that 'a' is referring to ….
input low, high
		for n=1 to 100
		if (a[n]>=low) and (a[n]<=high)
			print a[n]
			endif
		endfor

  artistic license

  a statement called 'a'

  an array

  single variable 'a'