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Abstraction
Abstraction is a key pillar in computer science theory and particularly object orientated programming. It involves filtering out – essentially, ignoring - the characteristics that we don't need in order to concentrate on those that we do.
Presentation on Abstraction
Abstraction in action - Python (Creating a universe with planets)
Watch this video lesson (in conjunction with the above presentation) for coded solutions and suggestions for teaching this topic with object orientated programming. https://youtu.be/6SR5hYhOVTg
Further reading and articles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction
https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_abstract.asp
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zttrcdm/revision/1