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We talk about the architecture of a house or building, but the CPU also has an architecture - it has been very carefully designed for optimal functionality and performance. If you're interested in the history of chips, check out this cool link.
The first commercial microprocessor, the binary coded decimal (BCD) based Intel 4004, was released by Busicom and Intel in 1971. How things have changed!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instruction_set_architectures
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