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A test case is usually a single step, or occasionally a sequence of steps, to test the correct behavior/functionality or features of an application.
Test cases are used to identify if a model is functioning correctly. It specifies the inputs and expected outputs of a model. The actual outputs of the model are then compared with the expected outputs to identify any problems with the model.
Model-Based Testing describes how a system behaves in response to an action (determined by a model). Supply action, and see, if the system responds as per the expectation.
It is a lightweight formal method to validate a system. This testing can be applied to both hardware and software testing.
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