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The role of the four layers (ATNL)

Layers in the internet? These layers refer to a division of network functionality. They aren't actual physical things inside a computer or network, but rather think of them as tools used by developers and computer scientists to help us understand how protocols interact with one another.

A layer is a group of protocols that all serve a similar function. For example since UDP and TCP do the same kind of job in two different ways, they would be in the same layer. Think of these layers as a means of categorising protocols, of making them easier to think about and work with.

Video with explanation

Four Layer Model - Video (real world example)

Additional Reading

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/tcp-ip-model/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite

Role of the four layers: https://www.omnisecu.com/tcpip/tcpip-model.php

 Network layers explained: https://www.plixer.com/blog/network-layers-explained/

www.teachyourselfpython.com